Error Handling

The error utilities provide custom error classes for different error types and a formatter for consistent error responses.

Error Classes

AppError

Base error class for application errors.

import { AppError } from '@/lib/utils/errors';

throw new AppError('Something went wrong', 'CUSTOM_ERROR', 500);

ValidationError

For input validation failures (400 status).

import { ValidationError } from '@/lib/utils/errors';

throw new ValidationError('Invalid input data', {
  email: ['Invalid email format'],
  password: ['Too short', 'Must contain number'],
});

NotFoundError

For missing resources (404 status).

import { NotFoundError } from '@/lib/utils/errors';

throw new NotFoundError('User');
// Results in: "User not found"

UnauthorizedError

For authentication failures (401 status).

import { UnauthorizedError } from '@/lib/utils/errors';

throw new UnauthorizedError('Invalid credentials');

ForbiddenError

For authorization failures (403 status).

import { ForbiddenError } from '@/lib/utils/errors';

throw new ForbiddenError('Admin access required');

Error Formatter

Convert any error to a consistent response format:

import { formatError } from '@/lib/utils/errors';

try {
  await someOperation();
} catch (error) {
  const formatted = formatError(error);
  // {
  //   message: string,
  //   code: string,
  //   statusCode: number,
  //   fields?: Record<string, string[]>
  // }
  return Response.json(formatted, { status: formatted.statusCode });
}

Error Properties

Error Type	Code	Status
ValidationError	VALIDATION_ERROR	400
UnauthorizedError	UNAUTHORIZED	401
ForbiddenError	FORBIDDEN	403
NotFoundError	NOT_FOUND	404
AppError (default)	custom	500